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👉 In short:A minimum network = 2 devices + NICs + connection medium + protocol (TCP/IP).For bigger networks, you add switches, routers, servers, firewalls, etc.
A computer network is a collection of two or more computers (or devices like printers, servers, switches, routers) that are connected together to share resources (files, applications, printers), communicate, or access the internet. Example: Your home Wi-Fi is a small computer network. ✅ Types of Networks Networks are classified mainly by size/area covered: 👉 Other
To configure dual internet connections using BGP on a Cisco router for redundancy and failover, follow these key steps and considerations: Basic BGP Configuration Establish BGP Sessions with Both ISPsConfigure BGP neighbors using the ISPs’ AS numbers and your assigned ASN. For example:router bgp 65001neighbor 203.0.113.1 remote-as ISP1_ASNneighbor 198.51.100.1 remote-as ISP2_ASNaddress-family ipv4network 192.0.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
Gateway redundancy protocols provide high availability and fault tolerance for network gateways by allowing multiple routers to share a virtual IP address. If the active gateway fails, another router in the group takes over, ensuring seamless connectivity for clients. The three main gateway redundancy protocols are: 1. Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) Overview Basic HSRP
OSPF prefers the lowest cost path to determine the best route. While OSPF doesn’t use administrative distance directly for path control like other protocols (e.g., EIGRP or BGP), there are several effective methods to manipulate OSPF routes. 1. OSPF Cost Manipulation (Recommended Method) The most common method to influence OSPF path selection is by adjusting
Establishing OSPF neighbor relationships is a critical step before routers can exchange routing information. Understanding the process and troubleshooting steps ensures a stable OSPF network. 1. OSPF Neighborship Process OSPF routers must go through specific steps to establish and maintain adjacency. The process involves 7 states: OSPF Neighbor States State Description Down No Hello packets
In OSPF, areas are essential for scalability and efficient routing. The OSPF network is divided into logical segments called areas, with special rules for the Backbone Area (Area 0) and Multi-Area design. 1. OSPF Backbone Area (Area 0) The Backbone Area (Area 0) is the central area in an OSPF network and is crucial for
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) calculates the best path to each destination using the Dijkstra’s Algorithm (also known as the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm). The process involves multiple steps to ensure accurate and loop-free routing. Step 1: Establish Neighbor Relationships Step 2: Build the Link-State Database (LSDB) Step 3: Run the SPF Algorithm Dijkstra’s
In OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), the Router ID and the Designated Router (DR)/Backup Designated Router (BDR) play key roles in the network’s routing stability and efficiency. 1. OSPF Router ID The Router ID is a unique identifier for each OSPF router. It’s a 32-bit value (similar to an IPv4 address) that is selected based
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state routing protocol used to efficiently route IP packets within large and complex networks. It’s widely used in enterprise environments due to its scalability, fast convergence, and flexibility. Key Features of OSPF ✅ Link-State Protocol → Builds a complete map (topology) of the network.✅ Fast Convergence → Detects
The Lazy Networker 