Category: Networking

  • Introduction to EtherChannel

    1. What is EtherChannel? EtherChannel is a link aggregation technology used to combine multiple physical links into a single logical link. It improves bandwidth, redundancy, and load balancing between switches, routers, or servers. ✅ Increases bandwidth by combining links (e.g., 2x1Gbps = 2Gbps).✅ Provides redundancy—if one link fails, traffic continues on the others.✅ Prevents loops

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  • Troubleshooting VLAN and Trunk Issues

    VLAN and trunking issues can cause communication failures between devices in different VLANs. Below is a step-by-step guide to diagnose and resolve VLAN and trunking problems. 1. Check VLAN Configuration Issue: Devices in the same VLAN cannot communicate. Solution: 2. Verify Trunk Links Issue: Devices in different VLANs cannot communicate across switches. Solution: 3. Check

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  • Troubleshooting Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) Issues

    If DTP is not forming trunks as expected, you need to check for common misconfigurations and conflicts. Below is a systematic troubleshooting guide. 1. Verify the Current Trunking Status Issue: The trunk is not forming. Solution: Use the following command to check if the port is in trunk mode: show interfaces trunk Also, check the

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  • Introduction to Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)

    . What is DTP? Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) is a Cisco-proprietary protocol that automates trunk formation between switches. It allows switch ports to dynamically negotiate whether they should be in access mode or trunk mode, reducing the need for manual configuration. Key Features of DTP: ✅ Automatically forms trunks between Cisco switches.✅ Negotiates trunking mode

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  • VTP Version 2c vs VTP Version 3

    VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) has evolved over time, with VTP version 3 introducing significant improvements over VTP version 2. Below is a comparison of both versions. 1. Key Differences Between VTP v2 and VTP v3 Feature VTP v2 VTP v3 VLAN Range Support Supports VLANs 1-1005 Supports VLANs 1-4094 (full range) Private VLANs Not supported

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  • Troubleshooting VTP Issues

    When VLANs are not propagating correctly in a VTP environment, it’s important to check for misconfigurations. Below are common issues and troubleshooting steps. 1. Check VTP Mode and Domain Name Issue: VLANs are not syncing between switches. Solution: 2. Verify Trunk Links Issue: VTP advertisements are not passing between switches. Solution: 3. Check VTP Version

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  • Introduction to VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) and Configuration

    1. What is VTP? VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) is a Cisco-proprietary protocol that helps manage VLAN configurations across multiple switches within a network. It allows switches to automatically propagate VLAN changes from a central switch to others, reducing manual configuration and ensuring consistency. Key Features of VTP: ✅ Simplifies VLAN management – No need to

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  • Static vs. Dynamic Trunking in VLANs

    In VLAN configurations, trunking allows multiple VLANs to be transmitted over a single physical link between switches. Trunking can be set up using static trunking or dynamic trunking. 1. Static Trunking Static trunking means manually configuring a switch port as a trunk. This ensures that the port remains in trunk mode, allowing multiple VLANs to

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  • Introduction to 802.1Q, Native VLAN, and Allowed VLANs

    1. What is 802.1Q? IEEE 802.1Q is the standard for VLAN tagging in Ethernet networks. It allows multiple VLANs to exist on a single physical network by inserting a VLAN tag in the Ethernet frame header. This tagging enables switches to distinguish between VLANs and forward traffic accordingly. Key Features of 802.1Q: 2. What is

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  • Introduction to VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks)

    A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical segmentation of a physical network that allows multiple networks to exist within the same physical infrastructure. VLANs enhance network performance, security, and manageability by grouping devices logically rather than based on physical location. Benefits of VLANs How to Configure VLANs Step 1: Define VLANs on a

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