The Lazy Networker

1. At least Two Devices
   • Computers, servers, laptops, printers, or even smartphones.
   • Example: Two PCs connected together form the smallest network.
2. Network Interface Card (NIC)
   • Each device needs a network adapter (wired Ethernet port or Wi-Fi card) to connect to the network.
3. Transmission Medium (Communication Channel)
   • Can be wired (Ethernet cables, fiber optic) or wireless (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, infrared).
4. Networking Device (Optional but Common)
   • Switch/Hub – to connect multiple devices in LAN.
   • Router – to connect LAN to the Internet or other networks.
5. Network Protocols
   • Common “language” computers use to communicate.
   • Most common: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
6. IP Addressing
   • Every device must have a unique IP address to identify itself on the network.
7. Operating System / Network Software
   • To manage network communication.
   • Example: Windows, Linux, macOS, or specialized network OS.

👉 In short:
A minimum network = 2 devices + NICs + connection medium + protocol (TCP/IP).
For bigger networks, you add switches, routers, servers, firewalls, etc.